Opossums (American marsupials)
Order: Didelphimorphia
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More than 60 different kinds of oppossums live in South America and 1 in North America, the Virginia opossum (didelphis virginiana). The name opossum is sometimes shortened to possum, which actually is the name for an Australian group of marsupials. These are distinct from opossums which are only found in the America's. The Virginia opossum is probably best know for its last resort to escaping predators, "playing possum". As a last resort it can fake death to lose interest of its predator. The Virginia opossum is the only marsupial living in the wild in the US. They come in different shapes and sizes. They are marsupials meaning that they have a pouch in which they can carry their young. They all belong to the family didelphidae.
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Some are living in trees and one, the water opossum or yapok (Chironectes minimus) , is aquatic and his hind feet are webbed. The yapok is a long-legged opossum with a relatively broad snout, and a long, almost hairless, scaly tail except at its base. The water opossum is one of very few species able to forage in the trees and underwater. They can be found near streams or rivers in forested areas. Through evolution this marsupial has reversed the opening of its pouch so that the water doesn't force its way in when it is swimming under water. It is the only marsupial known to hunt in the water.
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They can weigh as little as 40 grams (mouse opossum) to up to 2 kilograms (didelphis virginiana). Some are very rare, but it is unclear whether that has to do with opossums being nocturnal or that they are becoming extinct.
They have four claw-bearing toes and an opposable "big thumb", which they can move just like a thumb of humans, grabbing something and then move it back to walk or run. They use their prehensile tail for grasping.
1. Didelphidae, family Didelphidae -- (opossums)
Didelphidae
family Didelphidae
(source WordNet)
Links
Opossums-opossums
Read general information about the Virginia opossum, their uses, their habitat and their diet, includes pictures and links.
http://www.opossums-opossums.com
The 'Possum pages
Take the opossum quiz, read facts about the Virginia opossum and personal experience with the opossum.
http://www.kiva.net/~kiwi/opossum/opossum.htm
Window on the woodlands
Read fun facts on "the living fossil", the Virginia opossum. Includes several links to opossum pages.
http://www.flex.net/~lonestar/opossum.htm
References
Myers, P. 2001. "Didelphidae" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed March 05, 2005 at
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Didelphidae.html
Opossums Are From South America
http://www.knowyoursto.com/didelphidae/didelphidae.html